This book is the result of a complex exercise and ongoing scientific and technical communication that reached many levels: scientific, legal, political and last but not least communication with peasants in the villages of Sibiu County - all for understanding the significance for Romanian rural communities of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and the need for their red listing. The research was conducted under a postdoctoral fellowship granted within the project POSDRU/89/1.5/ S/63258.